Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT): A Systematic Review of Smart Applications

Section: Articles
Issue
Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Volume 20 Issue 1
Pages
86-106

Keywords:

Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), IoT Applications.

Abstract

     With the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), ever greater quantities of complex data are created. To analyze this data and take better decisions, Artificial Intelligence (AI) especially in the form of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) has been widely adopted, which has led to the rise of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). This study is a systematic literature review consisting of 79 peer-reviewed articles published in the last five years (from 2019 to 2024), following the PRISMA guidelines. We thoroughly searched major databases, and used strict quality assessment and inclusion/exclusion criteria for assessing the influence of the AI in five fields, namely, Smart Home, Smart Transportation, Smart Education, Smart Grid, and Robotics. Based on our quantitative results, we notice that the most studied domain is the Smart Transportation, and the most used technologies are recurrent models such as LSTM and convolutional networks (CNN). The review compares the performance of the models critically, by considering the evaluation metrics including accuracy, latency, and computational cost. Moreover, the paper discusses key challenges and limitations in the existing AIoT deployments such as data privacy, cybersecurity threats, power consumption and explainability of the models. This review aims to fill the gap of literature by providing a structured reference towards future research on scalable, secure and energy-efficient AIoT systems.

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Authors

Dhafar Sami

Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

Dhuha Basheer Abdullah

Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ

Identifiers

DOI: 10.33899/rjcsm.v20i1.60670

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Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT): A Systematic Review of Smart Applications. (2026). AL-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics, 20(1), 86-106. https://doi.org/10.33899/rjcsm.v20i1.60670
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Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT): A Systematic Review of Smart Applications. (2026). AL-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics, 20(1), 86-106. https://doi.org/10.33899/rjcsm.v20i1.60670